Контрольная Контрольная работа по анг. яз. № 2, номер: 136841

"1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст контрольной работы №2 на русский язык.

The Wealth of Nations

In 1776, the year that Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence, Smith published one of the most important books in the history of economics. The book’s full title is An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of Wealth of Nations. Most people simply call it The Wealth of Nations. Smith wrote the book after discussing laissez-faire beliefs with some of the physiocrats. Smith’s book is an argument in favor of allowing people to engage in trade, manufacturing or other economic activity without unnecessary control or interference from government.
The main argument in The Wealth of Nations might be stated rather simply:
People are naturally selfish. When they engage in manufacturing or trade, they do so in order to gain wealth and/ or power. This process should not be interfered with because, despite the self-interest of these individuals, their activity is good for all of society. The more goods they make or trade, the more goods people will have. The more people who manufacture and trade, the greater the competition. Competition among manufactures and merchants helps all people by providing even more goods and probably lower prices. This activity creates jobs and spreads wealth.
Smith concluded that individuals should own private property and be allowed to engage in private economic activity. This would result in greater wealth for all.
Smith accepted the idea that there were some things the government should do. A government is best suited to build canals or roads. A government may find it necessary to put some restrictions on international trade. And, he said, the government must not allow individual businesses to act together to control the production of trade of certain goods, thus creating a monopoly. A monopoly, in Smith’s opinion, could be as harmful to the general welfare as governmental control.
Smith’s economic ideas fit perfectly with American ideas of a new type of government based on such individual rights as those to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”.
2. Письменно ответьте на вопросы.

Questions:
1. Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence in 1776, didn’t he?
2. When did Smith publish his famous book?
3. What is the book’s full title?
4. What is the main idea of the book?
5. Are people naturally selfish?
6. Could monopoly be harmful to the general welfare?
7. Can government put any restrictions on international trade?
8. Did Smith’s economic ideas fit with American ideas of a new type of government?

3. Выпишите из текста предложения, в которых употреблены модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. Подчеркните их и переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.

The main argument in The Wealth of Nations might be stated rather simply.
Could the main argument in The Wealth of Nations be stated rather simply?
The main argument in The Wealth of Nations might not be stated rather simply.

This process should not be interfered with because, despite the self-interest of these individuals, their activity is good for all of society.
Must this process be interfered with because, despite the self-interest of these individuals, their activity is good for all of society?
This process should be interfered with because, despite the self-interest of these individuals, their activity is good for all of society.

Smith concluded that individuals should own private property and be allowed to engage in private economic activity.

Smith accepted the idea that there were some things the government should do.
A government may find it necessary to put some restrictions on international trade.
And, he said, the government must not allow individual businesses to act together to control the production of trade of certain goods, thus creating a monopoly.

A monopoly, in Smith’s opinion, could be as harmful to the general welfare as governmental control.

4. Найдите в тексте и переведите на русский язык предложения, в которых употреблены неопределенные местоимения some, any, no, every и их производные.

Smith wrote the book after discussing laissez-faire beliefs with some of the physiocrats.
Smith accepted the idea that there were some things the government should do.
A government may find it necessary to put some restrictions on international trade.

5. Поставьте одно предложение из текста во все временные формы группы Indefinite (Simple), Continuous , Perfect, Perfect Continuous, произведя все необходимые смысловые изменения. Напишите отрицательную и вопросительную формы полученных предложений.

Most people simply call it The Wealth of Nations.


6. Поставьте предложение во все временные формы активного и страдательного залога, произведя все необходимые изменения.
He usually reads English books in the evening.
"